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The Pioneer Anomaly (Resolved)

An observed deviation from predicted accelerations of the Pioneer 10 and 11 spacecraft exiting the solar system.

Directive & Constraints

Analyze anisotropic thermal radiation pressure. Explain how asymmetric heat emission caused gradual deceleration and what this means for deep space probe telemetry.

Solution context

Solved by Slava Turyshev in 2012 by realizing thermal recoil force (heat radiating unevenly from the RTGs) perfectly accounted for the tiny deceleration.

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